почему не запускается двигатель с брелока сигнализации или с ключа, причины и решение

Дистанционный запуск двигателя позволяет обеспечить прогрев мотора и салона в зимнее время года перед поездкой. Если не заводится с автозапуска Старлайн автомобиль, это может быть обусловлено программными или аппаратными неисправностями.

Почему не работает автозапуск: основные причины

Если сигналка для автомобиля Старлайн А91, А92, А93, А94 или другая модель перестала работать и не заводит мотор с брелка на холодную или горячую, надо разобраться в причинах.

Мотор запускается и глушится

Когда происходит четыре попытки запуска мотора, но двигатель продолжает глохнуть, это может быть обусловлено следующими причинами:

1. В авто не используется модуль обхода штатного блокиратора двигателя. Дело в том, что наличие иммобилайзера не позволяет произвести автоматический пуск, из-за чего ДВС не может заводиться. Поэтому производитель охранных систем предупреждает потребителей о необходимости установки этого устройства.
2. Процессорный блок не может считать метку с ключа или брелка. Нарушение работы транспондера может быть обусловлено разными причинами, начиная от программной неисправности и заканчивая разряженным аккумулятором.
3. Охранный комплекс при установке не был подключен к электроцепям контроля работы силового агрегата. Для решения проблемы надо проверить схему и подключить недостающие компоненты.

Неправильная настройка режимов работы блока сигнализации

Если машина с установленной Starline A91 не запускается, причина может заключаться в некорректной настройке режимов функционирования процессорного модуля. При старте двигателя охранный комплекс издаст четыре звуковых сигнала. Если транспортное средство оборудовано механической трансмиссией, то проблема кроется в том, что потребитель не выполнил настройку программной нейтрали. Разработчик Старлайн реализовал систему подготовки силового агрегата и коробки передач к запуску, в зависимости от модели она может отличаться.

О правильной настройке функции удаленного пуска по температуре, таймеру и будильнику рассказал канал Stas World.

Повреждение или выход из строя брелока

Если опция автоматического пуска не работает с пульта, надо проверить состояние устройства.

Причин неработающего коммуникатора может быть несколько:

• разрядился аккумулятор, придется произвести замену, в более новых версиях Старлайн сигналка пишет о скором разряде батарейки на дисплее передатчика;
• произошло повреждение устройства, вызванное падением или воздействием воды на девайс, придется разбирать коммуникатор и ремонтировать;
• аппаратная неисправность в работе пульта, потребуется детальная диагностика и, возможно, его перепрошивка.

Ошибки при установке сигнализации

Проблемы, которые могут проявиться в результате длительной эксплуатации или некорректной установке охранного комплекса:

1. Неправильно подключена электроцепь контроля работы мотора. На большинстве моделей Старлайн за это отвечает черно-серый контакт. Устройство подключается к тахометру либо лампочке генераторного устройства. Если цепь не будет подключена, при попытке удаленного пуска сигнала произведет активацию стартерного устройства и зажигания. Когда стартер крутит, на дисплее коммуникатора будет отображаться индикатор запуска ДВС, хотя по факту мотор не заводится.
2. Плохой контакт охранной системы с питанием. Надо произвести диагностику электроцепей и выявить некорректной работающий участок.
3. При установке охранного комплекса потребитель подключил не все электроцепи зажигания и стартерного устройства. В зависимости от конструктивных особенностей машины и автосигнализации, для подключения этих систем могут использоваться несколько электроцепей. При подключении учтите, что сигналка должна корректно имитировать работу замка зажигания.
4. Если был установлен обходчик, но запуск все равно не производится, это может быть связано с тем, что транспондер, установленный в модуле, не считывает сигнал. Для решения проблемы надо увеличить число витков в катушках блока обходчика. Также надо убедиться в том, что установка катушки на замке была выполнена верно.

Неисправности в работе автозапуска могут быть связаны с разрядом аккумулятора авто, решить проблему можно путем замены батареи.

Канал Autozvuk рассказал об ошибках, которые нельзя допускать при установке автомобильных охранных комплексов.

Отсутствует автозапуск по температуре

Если на улице холодно, а опция дистанционного пуска не срабатывает, при этом температурный контроллер подключен, причины могут быть следующими:

1. Установка датчика температуры была произведена неверно. В зависимости от сигналки, пуск может осуществляться по температуре двигателя или в салоне авто. Соответственно, места для установки датчика могут быть разными. Подключение девайса осуществляется в соответствии с инструкцией.
2. Вышел из строя датчик. Это характерно для устройств, которые уже отработали приличный срок. Для решения проблемы контроллер придется заменить.
3. Контроллер подключен правильно, но автовладелец не настроил старт ДВС по температуре на дисплее пейджера.

Диагностика и устранение неисправностей

Первое, что надо делать при появлении неисправностей в работе автозапуска – проверить работу аккумулятора авто и брелка.

Проверка батареи

Диагностика АКБ:

1. Выполните визуальную проверку батареи. Осмотрите клеммы и корпус устройства. Если контакты окислились, их надо зачистить. При наличии трещин на корпусе аккумулятор подлежит замене, поскольку исправить такую проблему невозможно.
2. Открутите банки устройства и проверьте наличие раствора электролита. Если жидкости внутри недостаточно, надо долить в банки дистиллированную воду.
3. С помощью мультиметра надо проверить заряд АКБ. Для этого щупы тестера подключите к клеммам батареи, после чего запустите двигатель. Если уровень заряда меньше 13,5 вольт, аккумулятор меняется.

Канал Sxemotehnika рассказал о диагностике АКБ машины в гаражных условиях.

Диагностика пульта

Проверка коммуникатора:

1. Осмотрите корпус устройства. Если на нем есть следы влаги или повреждений, коммуникатор придется разбирать.
2. При наличии следов воды на внутренней плате устройство надо высушить, но его нельзя класть рядом с печкой или на батарею. Это может привести к более серьезной поломке коммуникатора.
3. Осмотрите контакты кнопок на клеммах, при необходимости замените клавиши или перепаяйте их.
4. Если в пейджере разрядился аккумулятор, его надо поменять.

Установка обходчика

Процедура монтажа и подключения модуля обхода иммо осуществляется так:

1. Возьмите процессорный модуль и установите в него запасной ключ с меткой. Монтаж устройства надо осуществлять внутрь плоской антенны. После установки девайс фиксируется на месте от возможного перемещения.
2. Корпус процессорного устройства закрывается.
3. Выполняется установка основного модуля. Его монтаж надо выполнить в недоступном для потенциального преступника месте. Например, можно установить устройство за центральной консолью, в районе автомагнитолы или пепельницы. Можно произвести монтаж девайса за приборной панелью. Для этого демонтируйте облицовку рулевой колонки и снимите контрольный щиток, отсоединив от него разъемы с контактами и выкрутив саморезы, фиксирующие его. В месте монтажа модуль обходчика надежно фиксируется.
4. На следующем этапе выполняется подключение устройства. Контакт красного цвета представляет собой положительный выход питания. Он должен быть подключен к электроцепи, в которой при активированном зажигании есть 12-вольтное напряжение. Разберите облицовку замка и подключите красный контакт.
5. Черный контакт представляет собой минусовой управляющий вход. Когда на него поступает отрицательный потенциал, штатный блокиратор двигателя начинает считывать информацию с метки, установленной в ключе или брелке. Черный контакт должен быть подключен к выходу системы удаленного пуска ДВС.
6. Остается подключить контакты серого цвета. В зависимости от комплектации, их подключение может осуществляться к внешнему антенному адаптеру рамочного типа, который монтируется рядом с замком. Либо можно намотать антенну ил нескольких витков кабеля. Намотка осуществляется поверх штатного адаптера RFID.

Карта подключения модуля обхода

Схема подключения обходчика блокиратора ДВС

Датчик температуры

Монтаж контроллера, в зависимости от типа, может быть произведен в разных местах:

1. На патрубке магистрали охладительной системы. Если датчик температуры устанавливается на двигатель, его надо врезать в один из шлангов системы охлаждения. Для этого патрубок демонтируется, часть хладагента сливается, после чего устройство устанавливается внутрь. Провод с разъемом для его подключения надо вывести наружу. Подключение осуществляется к процессорному модулю охранного комплекса.
2. В салоне автомобиля. Устройство можно разместить в любом месте. Главное, чтобы рядом не было источников тепла.

Если пуск ДВС по команде с брелка работает, но опция не функционирует при настройке от температуры, надо проверить качество подключения устройства. От девайса отходит кабель с разъемом, штекер надо проверить – при наличии окислений он подлежит зачистке. Также можно произвести диагностику электроцепей подключения устройства. Если будут обнаружены поврежденные провода, их надо поменять.

Канал kakbivotbi показал процесс ремонта температурного контроллера на примере охранного комплекса Старлайн Д94.

Зависимость запуска мотора от температуры воздуха

Если в холод с первого раза силовой агрегат автомобиля не запускается, причины могут быть такими:

1. Произошло повреждение или окисление контактов питания на охранном комплексе. В результате контактные элементы не позволяют поддерживать нужный уровень напряжения в электроцепи.
2. Аккумулятор автомобиля разрядился, в результате чего стартерное устройство не может прокручивать коленвал.
3. В электроцепи зажигания появился разрыв, к примеру, для дополнительной защиты от угона авто.
4. Причина некорректной работы в отрицательную температуру может быть обусловлена некорректной работой модуля обхода блокиратора.

Если опция автоматического пуска перестала функционировать в холод или при других погодных условиях, надо произвести диагностику возможности старта агрегата штатно, с помощью ключа. Если двигатель удалось запустить с первого раза, то проблему следует искать в работе противоугонного комплекса. После диагностики всех потенциально проблемных участков надо произвести проверку сечения электроцепей. Толщина и длина проводов должна соответствовать шлейфам, которые используются для подключения охранного комплекса.

Особенности автозапуска на машине с механической коробкой передач

Если не заводится с автозапуска Старлайн машина с механической трансмиссией, проблема может заключаться в неверных действия, выполняемых водителем, речь идет о настройке опции программной нейтрали.

Чтобы включить эту функцию:

1. Остановите машину, но зажигание не выключайте.
2. Переведите селектор трансмиссии в положение нейтральной передачи, потяните за рычаг ручного тормоза, чтобы зафиксировать автомобиль на месте. Важно, чтобы стояночный тормоз работал качественно, машина не должна катиться после его включения.
3. Кликните по первой кнопке коммуникатора и зажмите ее на три секунды. Динамик пейджера воспроизведет один мелодичный сигнал. На протяжении тридцати секунд вы должны успеть выполнить последующие два шага.
4. Отключите зажигание, переведя ключ в замке в положение Off, после чего извлеките его. Если настройка выполняется верно, то мотор продолжит работать.
5. Выйдите из салона машины и закройте двери авто. Когда последняя дверь будет заперта, силовой агрегат должен отключиться самостоятельно. Также произойдет автоматическая активация функции охраны.

Канал Позитив Негатив на примере автомобиля Лада Вести показал процедуру настройки опции программной нейтрали с охранным комплексом Старлайн.

Если после настройки программной нейтрали опция удаленного пуска не работает, причины могут быть такими:

• охранный комплекс не фиксирует открытие либо закрытие дверных замков, поскольку установка системы была выполнена неправильно, придется проверять схему и заново подключать систему;
• не функционируют концевые переключатели, установленные на дверях, надо произвести замену устройств.

Тройное вспыхивание автосигнализации вместо автозапуска

Если габаритные огни машины моргнули три раза, это говорит о том, что в электрической сети машины снизилось напряжение, проблема может быть связана с:

• севшей или вышедшей из строя аккумуляторной батареей;
• использованием электроцепей для подключения сигналки, обладающих слишком большой длиной или малым сечением;
• закислением клемм на аккумуляторе.

При каждой из описанных причин происходит падение напряжения в бортовой сети машины, причем этот параметр снижается быстро при включении нагрузки. Поэтому если вы решите произвести диагностику разности потенциалов на клеммах аккумулятора, то не факт, что сможете обнаружить эту проблему. Чтобы избавиться от неисправности, надо произвести визуальную проверку всех колодок штекеров, особенно внимание надо уделить силовым электроцепям. Если диагностика не показала наличие окисления, то надо убедиться в том, что используются провода с правильным сечением. Если вы будете менять электроцепи, то для соединения используйте паяльник.

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Видео «Как работает автозапуск на Старлайне?»

Андрей Кошкин в своем ролике наглядно продемонстрировал процедуру включения опции удаленного пуска в охранной системе Starline.

90000 Prevent programs from starting automatically in Windows 10 or 8.x 90001 90002 90003 Before you begin 90004 90005 Often, a program starts automatically because of a shortcut in the 90006 Startup 90007 folder in the menu. The program may also run automatically from a registry entry. To remove programs from automatic startup, follow these instructions in order. After completing each set of steps, reboot your device to see if the problem is fixed. If necessary, you can then continue to the next set of instructions.90008 90003 Remove a shortcut 90004 90005 90012 Note: 90013 90008 90005 The shortcut will remain in the Recycle Bin until you empty it. 90008 90005 To remove a shortcut from the 90006 Startup 90007 folder: 90008 90021 90022 Press 90006 Win-r 90007. In the «Open:» field, type: 90025 C: \ ProgramData \ Microsoft \ Windows \ Start Menu \ Programs \ StartUp 90026 90005 Press 90006 Enter 90007. 90008 90031 90022 Right-click the program you do not want to open at startup and click.90031 90034 90005 If a shortcut you want in the 90006 Startup 90007 folder is pointing to the wrong program, correct it as follows: 90008 90021 90022 In the 90006 Startup 90007 folder, right-click the appropriate icon and select. 90031 90022 Click the tab. In the «Target:» field, verify that the path statement points to the filename of the correct program. If it does not, enter the accurate path to the program. 90031 90034 90003 Disable items not in the Startup folder 90004 90005 Some startup items have no shortcut in the 90006 Startup 90007 folder.You can disable these with either the Startup tasks tool in Settings or the Task Manager. Otherwise, they are only accessible through the registry. If you are unfamiliar or uncomfortable with registry editing, use these utilities. 90008 90053 Startup tasks 90054 90021 90022 In the Windows search box, type 90006 startup tasks 90007, and press. 90031 90022 The window that opens will contain a list of applications that may start when your device boots. To disable an app, toggle the switch to.90031 90034 90053 Task Manager 90054 90021 90022 Navigate to the Task Manager. 90031 90022 If necessary, click to see all of the tabs; select the tab. 90031 90022 Select the item not to launch at startup, and click. 90031 90034 90003 Remove a registry entry 90004 90005 90012 Warning: 90013 90008 90005 This contains instructions for editing the registry. If you make any error while editing the registry, you can potentially cause Windows to fail or be unable to boot, requiring you to reinstall Windows.Edit the registry at your own risk. Always back up the registry before making any changes. If you do not feel comfortable editing the registry, do not attempt these instructions. Instead, seek the help of a computing support provider. 90008 90005 To remove a startup entry from the registry: 90008 90021 90022 Press 90006 Win-r 90007. In the «Open:» field, type 90006 regedit 90007 and press 90006 Enter 90007. 90031 90022 To save a backup copy of the registry, from the menu, select.90021 90022 Make sure to note the file’s destination; by default, it will be saved on the desktop. 90031 90022 Give the file an obvious name, such as 90006 registry 90007 or 90006 regback 90007, so that you’ll remember this file is your registry backup. 90031 90022 In the «Export Range» field, make sure is selected, and then click. This will make a backup of a working registry. 90031 90034 90031 90022 To expand, click the (plus sign) to the left.90031 90022 Expand the tree. Then expand, then, and then. 90031 90022 Highlight the folder. On the right side of the screen, you will see programs that are set to run on startup that might not be included in the 90006 Startup 90007 folder. Some of these may be important programs, such as antivirus programs or firewalls. There also may be undesirable or unnecessary programs, such as spyware and advertisement software. You’ll need to ascertain what is needed and what is not. 90031 90022 Highlight any program (s) you want to prevent from starting automatically, and then press the 90006 Del 90007 key.Remember that deleting programs here does not remove them from your computer; it only stops them from running automatically. 90031 90022 Changes to the registry are implemented immediately, so you do not need to save your changes. At this point, you may simply close the Registry Editor. 90031 90034 .90000 Why to Not Not Start a Startup 90001 90002 March 2007 90003 90002 90005 (This essay is derived from talks at the 2007 Startup School and the Berkeley CSUA.) 90006 90003 90002 We’ve now been doing Y Combinator long enough to have some data about success rates. Our first batch, in the summer of 2005, had eight startups in it. Of those eight, it now looks as if at least four succeeded. Three have been acquired: Reddit was a merger of two, Reddit and Infogami, and a third was acquired that we can not talk about yet.Another from that batch was Loopt, which is doing so well they could probably be acquired in about ten minutes if they wanted to. 90003 90002 So about half the founders from that first summer, less than two years ago, are now rich, at least by their standards. (One thing you learn when you get rich is that there are many degrees of it.) 90003 90002 I’m not ready to predict our success rate will stay as high as 50%. That first batch could have been an anomaly. But we should be able to do better than the oft-quoted (and probably made up) standard figure of 10%.I’d feel safe aiming at 25%. 90003 90002 Even the founders who fail do not seem to have such a bad time. Of those first eight startups, three are now probably dead. In two cases the founders just went on to do other things at the end of the summer. I do not think they were traumatized by the experience. The closest to a traumatic failure was Kiko, whose founders kept working on their startup for a whole year before being squashed by Google Calendar. But they ended up happy. They sold their software on eBay for a quarter of a million dollars.After they paid back their angel investors, they had about a year’s salary each. [1] Then they immediately went on to start a new and much more exciting startup, Justin.TV. 90003 90002 So here is an even more striking statistic: 0% of that first batch had a terrible experience. They had ups and downs, like every startup, but I do not think any would have traded it for a job in a cubicle. And that statistic is probably not an anomaly. Whatever our long-term success rate ends up being, I think the rate of people who wish they’d gotten a regular job will stay close to 0%.90003 90002 The big mystery to me is: why do not more people start startups? If nearly everyone who does it prefers it to a regular job, and a significant percentage get rich, why does not everyone want to do this? A lot of people think we get thousands of applications for each funding cycle. In fact we usually only get several hundred. Why do not more people apply? And while it must seem to anyone watching this world that startups are popping up like crazy, the number is small compared to the number of people with the necessary skills.The great majority of programmers still go straight from college to cubicle, and stay there. 90003 90002 It seems like people are not acting in their own interest. What’s going on? Well, I can answer that. Because of Y Combinator’s position at the very start of the venture funding process, we’re probably the world’s leading experts on the psychology of people who are not sure if they want to start a company. 90003 90002 There’s nothing wrong with being unsure. If you’re a hacker thinking about starting a startup and hesitating before taking the leap, you’re part of a grand tradition.Larry and Sergey seem to have felt the same before they started Google, and so did Jerry and Filo before they started Yahoo. In fact, I’d guess the most successful startups are the ones started by uncertain hackers rather than gung-ho business guys. 90003 90002 We have some evidence to support this. Several of the most successful startups we’ve funded told us later that they only decided to apply at the last moment. Some decided only hours before the deadline. 90003 90002 The way to deal with uncertainty is to analyze it into components.Most people who are reluctant to do something have about eight different reasons mixed together in their heads, and do not know themselves which are biggest. Some will be justified and some bogus, but unless you know the relative proportion of each, you do not know whether your overall uncertainty is mostly justified or mostly bogus. 90003 90002 So I’m going to list all the components of people’s reluctance to start startups, and explain which are real. Then would-be founders can use this as a checklist to examine their own feelings.90003 90002 I admit my goal is to increase your self-confidence. But there are two things different here from the usual confidence-building exercise. One is that I’m motivated to be honest. Most people in the confidence-building business have already achieved their goal when you buy the book or pay to attend the seminar where they tell you how great you are. Whereas if I encourage people to start startups who should not, I make my own life worse. If I encourage too many people to apply to Y Combinator, it just means more work for me, because I have to read all the applications.90003 90002 The other thing that’s going to be different is my approach. Instead of being positive, I’m going to be negative. Instead of telling you «come on, you can do it» I’m going to consider all the reasons you are not doing it, and show why most (but not all) should be ignored. We’ll start with the one everyone’s born with. 90003 90002 90035 1. Too young 90036 90003 90002 A lot of people think they’re too young to start a startup. Many are right. The median age worldwide is about 27, so probably a third of the population can truthfully say they’re too young.90003 90002 What’s too young? One of our goals with Y Combinator was to discover the lower bound on the age of startup founders. It always seemed to us that investors were too conservative here-that they wanted to fund professors, when really they should be funding grad students or even undergrads. 90003 90002 The main thing we’ve discovered from pushing the edge of this envelope is not where the edge is, but how fuzzy it is. The outer limit may be as low as 16. We do not look beyond 18 because people younger than that can not legally enter into contracts.But the most successful founder we’ve funded so far, Sam Altman, was 19 at the time. 90003 90002 Sam Altman, however, is an outlying data point. When he was 19, he seemed like he had a 40 year old inside him. There are other 19 year olds who are 12 inside. 90003 90002 There’s a reason we have a distinct word «adult» for people over a certain age. There is a threshold you cross. It’s conventionally fixed at 21, but different people cross it at greatly varying ages. You’re old enough to start a startup if you’ve crossed this threshold, whatever your age.90003 90002 How do you tell? There are a couple tests adults use. I realized these tests existed after meeting Sam Altman, actually. I noticed that I felt like I was talking to someone much older. Afterward I wondered, what am I even measuring? What made him seem older? 90003 90002 One test adults use is whether you still have the kid flake reflex. When you’re a little kid and you’re asked to do something hard, you can cry and say «I can not do it» and the adults will probably let you off. As a kid there’s a magic button you can press by saying «I’m just a kid» that will get you out of most difficult situations.Whereas adults, by definition, are not allowed to flake. They still do, of course, but when they do they’re ruthlessly pruned. 90003 90002 The other way to tell an adult is by how they react to a challenge. Someone who’s not yet an adult will tend to respond to a challenge from an adult in a way that acknowledges their dominance. If an adult says «that’s a stupid idea,» a kid will either crawl away with his tail between his legs, or rebel. But rebelling presumes inferiority as much as submission.The adult response to «That’s a stupid idea,» is simply to look the other person in the eye and say «Really? Why do you think so?» 90003 90002 There are a lot of adults who still react childishly to challenges, of course. What you do not often find are kids who react to challenges like adults. When you do, you’ve found an adult, whatever their age. 90003 90002 90035 2. Too inexperienced 90036 90003 90002 I once wrote that startup founders should be at least 23, and that people should work for another company for a few years before starting their own.I no longer believe that, and what changed my mind is the example of the startups we’ve funded. 90003 90002 I still think 23 is a better age than 21. But the best way to get experience if you’re 21 is to start a startup. So, paradoxically, if you’re too inexperienced to start a startup, what you should do is start one. That’s a way more efficient cure for inexperience than a normal job. In fact, getting a normal job may actually make you less able to start a startup, by turning you into a tame animal who thinks he needs an office to work in and a product manager to tell him what software to write.90003 90002 What really convinced me of this was the Kikos. They started a startup right out of college. Their inexperience caused them to make a lot of mistakes. But by the time we funded their second startup, a year later, they had become extremely formidable. They were certainly not tame animals. And there is no way they’d have grown so much if they’d spent that year working at Microsoft, or even Google. They’d still have been diffident junior programmers. 90003 90002 So now I’d advise people to go ahead and start startups right out of college.There’s no better time to take risks than when you’re young. Sure, you’ll probably fail. But even failure will get you to the ultimate goal faster than getting a job. 90003 90002 It worries me a bit to be saying this, because in effect we’re advising people to educate themselves by failing at our expense, but it’s the truth. 90003 90002 90035 3. Not determined enough 90036 90003 90002 You need a lot of determination to succeed as a startup founder. It’s probably the single best predictor of success.90003 90002 Some people may not be determined enough to make it. It’s hard for me to say for sure, because I’m so determined that I can not imagine what’s going on in the heads of people who are not. But I know they exist. 90003 90002 Most hackers probably underestimate their determination. I’ve seen a lot become visibly more determined as they get used to running a startup. I can think of several we’ve funded who would have been delighted at first to be bought for $ 2 million, but are now set on world domination.90003 90002 How can you tell if you’re determined enough, when Larry and Sergey themselves were unsure at first about starting a company? I’m guessing here, but I’d say the test is whether you’re sufficiently driven to work on your own projects. Though they may have been unsure whether they wanted to start a company, it does not seem as if Larry and Sergey were meek little research assistants, obediently doing their advisors ‘bidding. They started projects of their own. 90003 90002 90035 4.Not smart enough 90036 90003 90002 You may need to be moderately smart to succeed as a startup founder. But if you’re worried about this, you’re probably mistaken. If you’re smart enough to worry that you might not be smart enough to start a startup, you probably are. 90003 90002 And in any case, starting a startup just does not require that much intelligence. Some startups do. You have to be good at math to write Mathematica. But most companies do more mundane stuff where the decisive factor is effort, not brains.Silicon Valley can warp your perspective on this, because there’s a cult of smartness here. People who are not smart at least try to act that way. But if you think it takes a lot of intelligence to get rich, try spending a couple days in some of the fancier bits of New York or LA. 90003 90002 If you do not think you’re smart enough to start a startup doing something technically difficult, just write enterprise software. Enterprise software companies are not technology companies, they’re sales companies, and sales depends mostly on effort.90003 90002 90035 5. Know nothing about business 90036 90003 90002 This is another variable whose coefficient should be zero. You do not need to know anything about business to start a startup. The initial focus should be the product. All you need to know in this phase is how to build things people want. If you succeed, you’ll have to think about how to make money from it. But this is so easy you can pick it up on the fly. 90003 90002 I get a fair amount of flak for telling founders just to make something great and not worry too much about making money.And yet all the empirical evidence points that way: pretty much 100% of startups that make something popular manage to make money from it. And acquirers tell me privately that revenue is not what they buy startups for, but their strategic value. Which means, because they made something people want. Acquirers know the rule holds for them too: if users love you, you can always make money from that somehow, and if they do not, the cleverest business model in the world will not save you. 90003 90002 So why do so many people argue with me? I think one reason is that they hate the idea that a bunch of twenty year olds could get rich from building something cool that does not make any money.They just do not want that to be possible. But how possible it is does not depend on how much they want it to be. 90003 90002 For a while it annoyed me to hear myself described as some kind of irresponsible pied piper, leading impressionable young hackers down the road to ruin. But now I realize this kind of controversy is a sign of a good idea. 90003 90002 The most valuable truths are the ones most people do not believe. They’re like undervalued stocks. If you start with them, you’ll have the whole field to yourself.So when you find an idea you know is good but most people disagree with, you should not merely ignore their objections, but push aggressively in that direction. In this case, that means you should seek out ideas that would be popular but seem hard to make money from. 90003 90002 We’ll bet a seed round you can not make something popular that we can not figure out how to make money from. 90003 90002 90035 6. No cofounder 90036 90003 90002 Not having a cofounder is a real problem. A startup is too much for one person to bear.And though we differ from other investors on a lot of questions, we all agree on this. All investors, without exception, are more likely to fund you with a cofounder than without. 90003 90002 We’ve funded two single founders, but in both cases we suggested their first priority should be to find a cofounder. Both did. But we’d have preferred them to have cofounders before they applied. It’s not super hard to get a cofounder for a project that’s just been funded, and we’d rather have cofounders committed enough to sign up for something super hard.90003 90002 If you do not have a cofounder, what should you do? Get one. It’s more important than anything else. If there’s no one where you live who wants to start a startup with you, move where there are people who do. If no one wants to work with you on your current idea, switch to an idea people want to work on. 90003 90002 If you’re still in school, you’re surrounded by potential cofounders. A few years out it gets harder to find them. Not only do you have a smaller pool to draw from, but most already have jobs, and perhaps even families to support.So if you had friends in college you used to scheme about startups with, stay in touch with them as well as you can. That may help keep the dream alive. 90003 90002 It’s possible you could meet a cofounder through something like a user’s group or a conference. But I would not be too optimistic. You need to work with someone to know whether you want them as a cofounder. [2] 90003 90002 The real lesson to draw from this is not how to find a cofounder, but that you should start startups when you’re young and there are lots of them around.90003 90002 90035 7. No idea 90036 90003 90002 In a sense, it’s not a problem if you do not have a good idea, because most startups change their idea anyway. In the average Y Combinator startup, I’d guess 70% of the idea is new at the end of the first three months. Sometimes it’s 100%. 90003 90002 In fact, we’re so sure the founders are more important than the initial idea that we’re going to try something new this funding cycle. We’re going to let people apply with no idea at all. If you want, you can answer the question on the application form that asks what you’re going to do with «We have no idea.»If you seem really good we’ll accept you anyway. We’re confident we can sit down with you and cook up some promising project. 90003 90002 Really this just codifies what we do already. We put little weight on the idea. We ask mainly out of politeness. The kind of question on the application form that we really care about is the one where we ask what cool things you’ve made. If what you’ve made is version one of a promising startup, so much the better, but the main thing we care about is whether you’re good at making things.Being lead developer of a popular open source project counts almost as much. 90003 90002 That solves the problem if you get funded by Y Combinator. What about in the general case? Because in another sense, it is a problem if you do not have an idea. If you start a startup with no idea, what do you do next? 90003 90002 So here’s the brief recipe for getting startup ideas. Find something that’s missing in your own life, and supply that need-no matter how specific to you it seems. Steve Wozniak built himself a computer; who knew so many other people would want them? A need that’s narrow but genuine is a better starting point than one that’s broad but hypothetical.So even if the problem is simply that you do not have a date on Saturday night, if you can think of a way to fix that by writing software, you’re onto something, because a lot of other people have the same problem. 90003 90002 90035 8. No room for more startups 90036 90003 90002 A lot of people look at the ever-increasing number of startups and think «this can not continue.» Implicit in their thinking is a fallacy: that there is some limit on the number of startups there could be. But this is false.No one claims there’s any limit on the number of people who can work for salary at 1000-person companies. Why should there be any limit on the number who can work for equity at 5-person companies? [3] 90003 90002 Nearly everyone who works is satisfying some kind of need. Breaking up companies into smaller units does not make those needs go away. Existing needs would probably get satisfied more efficiently by a network of startups than by a few giant, hierarchical organizations, but I do not think that would mean less opportunity, because satisfying current needs would lead to more.Certainly this tends to be the case in individuals. Nor is there anything wrong with that. We take for granted things that medieval kings would have considered effeminate luxuries, like whole buildings heated to spring temperatures year round. And if things go well, our descendants will take for granted things we would consider shockingly luxurious. There is no absolute standard for material wealth. Health care is a component of it, and that alone is a black hole. For the foreseeable future, people will want ever more material wealth, so there is no limit to the amount of work available for companies, and for startups in particular.90003 90002 Usually the limited-room fallacy is not expressed directly. Usually it’s implicit in statements like «there are only so many startups Google, Microsoft, and Yahoo can buy. «Maybe, though the list of acquirers is a lot longer than that. And whatever you think of other acquirers, Google is not stupid. The reason big companies buy startups is that they’ve created something valuable. And why should there be any limit to the number of valuable startups companies can acquire, any more than there is a limit to the amount of wealth individual people want? Maybe there would be practical limits on the number of startups any one acquirer could assimilate, but if there is value to be had, in the form of upside that founders are willing to forgo in return for an immediate payment, acquirers will evolve to consume it.Markets are pretty smart that way. 90003 90002 90035 9. Family to support 90036 90003 90002 This one is real. I would not advise anyone with a family to start a startup. I’m not saying it’s a bad idea, just that I do not want to take responsibility for advising it. I’m willing to take responsibility for telling 22 year olds to start startups. So what if they fail? They’ll learn a lot, and that job at Microsoft will still be waiting for them if they need it. But I’m not prepared to cross moms.90003 90002 What you can do, if you have a family and want to start a startup, is start a consulting business you can then gradually turn into a product business. Empirically the chances of pulling that off seem very small. You’re never going to produce Google this way. But at least you’ll never be without an income. 90003 90002 Another way to decrease the risk is to join an existing startup instead of starting your own. Being one of the first employees of a startup is a lot like being a founder, in both the good ways and the bad.2 founder, where n is your employee number. 90003 90002 As with the question of cofounders, the real lesson here is to start startups when you’re young. 90003 90002 90035 10. Independently wealthy 90036 90003 90002 This is my excuse for not starting a startup. Startups are stressful. Why do it if you do not need the money? For every «serial entrepreneur,» there are probably twenty sane ones who think «Start another company? Are you crazy? «90003 90002 I’ve come close to starting new startups a couple times, but I always pull back because I do not want four years of my life to be consumed by random schleps.I know this business well enough to know you can not do it half-heartedly. What makes a good startup founder so dangerous is his willingness to endure infinite schleps. 90003 90002 There is a bit of a problem with retirement, though. Like a lot of people, I like to work. And one of the many weird little problems you discover when you get rich is that a lot of the interesting people you’d like to work with are not rich. They need to work at something that pays the bills. Which means if you want to have them as colleagues, you have to work at something that pays the bills too, even though you do not need to.I think this is what drives a lot of serial entrepreneurs, actually. 90003 90002 That’s why I love working on Y Combinator so much. It’s an excuse to work on something interesting with people I like. 90003 90002 90035 11. Not ready for commitment 90036 90003 90002 This was my reason for not starting a startup for most of my twenties. Like a lot of people that age, I valued freedom most of all. I was reluctant to do anything that required a commitment of more than a few months. Nor would I have wanted to do anything that completely took over my life the way a startup does.And that’s fine. If you want to spend your time travelling around, or playing in a band, or whatever, that’s a perfectly legitimate reason not to start a company. 90003 90002 If you start a startup that succeeds, it’s going to consume at least three or four years. (If it fails, you’ll be done a lot quicker.) So you should not do it if you’re not ready for commitments on that scale. Be aware, though, that if you get a regular job, you’ll probably end up working there for as long as a startup would take, and you’ll find you have much less spare time than you might expect.So if you’re ready to clip on that ID badge and go to that orientation session, you may also be ready to start that startup. 90003 90002 90035 12. Need for structure 90036 90003 90002 I’m told there are people who need structure in their lives. This seems to be a nice way of saying they need someone to tell them what to do. I believe such people exist. There’s plenty of empirical evidence: armies, religious cults, and so on. They may even be the majority. 90003 90002 If you’re one of these people, you probably should not start a startup.In fact, you probably should not even go to work for one. In a good startup, you do not get told what to do very much. There may be one person whose job title is CEO, but till the company has about twelve people no one should be telling anyone what to do. That’s too inefficient. Each person should just do what they need to without anyone telling them. 90003 90002 If that sounds like a recipe for chaos, think about a soccer team. Eleven people manage to work together in quite complicated ways, and yet only in occasional emergencies does anyone tell anyone else what to do.A reporter once asked David Beckham if there were any language problems at Real Madrid, since the players were from about eight different countries. He said it was never an issue, because everyone was so good they never had to talk. They all just did the right thing. 90003 90002 How do you tell if you’re independent-minded enough to start a startup? If you’d bristle at the suggestion that you are not, then you probably are. 90003 90002 90035 13. Fear of uncertainty 90036 90003 90002 Perhaps some people are deterred from starting startups because they do not like the uncertainty.If you go to work for Microsoft, you can predict fairly accurately what the next few years will be like-all too accurately, in fact. If you start a startup, anything might happen. 90003 90002 Well, if you’re troubled by uncertainty, I can solve that problem for you: if you start a startup, it will probably fail. Seriously, though, this is not a bad way to think about the whole experience. Hope for the best, but expect the worst. In the worst case, it will at least be interesting. In the best case you might get rich.90003 90002 No one will blame you if the startup tanks, so long as you made a serious effort. There may once have been a time when employers would regard that as a mark against you, but they would not now. I asked managers at big companies, and they all said they’d prefer to hire someone who’d tried to start a startup and failed over someone who’d spent the same time working at a big company. 90003 90002 Nor will investors hold it against you, as long as you did not fail out of laziness or incurable stupidity.I’m told there’s a lot of stigma attached to failing in other places-in Europe, for example. Not here. In America, companies, like practically everything else, are disposable. 90003 90002 90035 14. Do not realize what you’re avoiding 90036 90003 90002 One reason people who’ve been out in the world for a year or two make better founders than people straight from college is that they know what they’re avoiding. If their startup fails, they’ll have to get a job, and they know how much jobs suck.90003 90002 If you’ve had summer jobs in college, you may think you know what jobs are like, but you probably do not. Summer jobs at technology companies are not real jobs. If you get a summer job as a waiter, that’s a real job. Then you have to carry your weight. But software companies do not hire students for the summer as a source of cheap labor. They do it in the hope of recruiting them when they graduate. So while they’re happy if you produce, they do not expect you to. 90003 90002 That will change if you get a real job after you graduate.Then you’ll have to earn your keep. And since most of what big companies do is boring, you’re going to have to work on boring stuff. Easy, compared to college, but boring. At first it may seem cool to get paid for doing easy stuff, after paying to do hard stuff in college. But that wears off after a few months. Eventually it gets demoralizing to work on dumb stuff, even if it’s easy and you get paid a lot. 90003 90002 And that’s not the worst of it. The thing that really sucks about having a regular job is the expectation that you’re supposed to be there at certain times.Even Google is afflicted with this, apparently. And what this means, as everyone who’s had a regular job can tell you, is that there are going to be times when you have absolutely no desire to work on anything, and you’re going to have to go to work anyway and sit in front of your screen and pretend to. To someone who likes work, as most good hackers do, this is torture. 90003 90002 In a startup, you skip all that. There’s no concept of office hours in most startups. Work and life just get mixed together.But the good thing about that is that no one minds if you have a life at work. In a startup you can do whatever you want most of the time. If you’re a founder, what you want to do most of the time is work. But you never have to pretend to. 90003 90002 If you took a nap in your office in a big company, it would seem unprofessional. But if you’re starting a startup and you fall asleep in the middle of the day, your cofounders will just assume you were tired. 90003 90002 90035 15. Parents want you to be a doctor 90036 90003 90002 A significant number of would-be startup founders are probably dissuaded from doing it by their parents.I’m not going to say you should not listen to them. Families are entitled to their own traditions, and who am I to argue with them? But I will give you a couple reasons why a safe career might not be what your parents really want for you. 90003 90002 One is that parents tend to be more conservative for their kids than they would be for themselves. This is actually a rational response to their situation. Parents end up sharing more of their kids ‘ill fortune than good fortune. Most parents do not mind this; it’s part of the job; but it does tend to make them excessively conservative.And erring on the side of conservatism is still erring. In almost everything, reward is proportionate to risk. So by protecting their kids from risk, parents are, without realizing it, also protecting them from rewards. If they saw that, they’d want you to take more risks. 90003 90002 The other reason parents may be mistaken is that, like generals, they’re always fighting the last war. If they want you to be a doctor, odds are it’s not just because they want you to help the sick, but also because it’s a prestigious and lucrative career.[4] But not so lucrative or prestigious as it was when their opinions were formed. When I was a kid in the seventies, a doctor was 90005 the 90006 thing to be. There was a sort of golden triangle involving doctors, Mercedes 450SLs, and tennis. All three vertices now seem pretty dated. 90003 90002 The parents who want you to be a doctor may simply not realize how much things have changed. Would they be that unhappy if you were Steve Jobs instead? So I think the way to deal with your parents ‘ opinions about what you should do is to treat them like feature requests.Even if your only goal is to please them, the way to do that is not simply to give them what they ask for. Instead think about why they’re asking for something, and see if there’s a better way to give them what they need. 90003 90002 90035 16. A job is the default 90036 90003 90002 This leads us to the last and probably most powerful reason people get regular jobs: it’s the default thing to do. Defaults are enormously powerful, precisely because they operate without any conscious choice.90003 90002 To almost everyone except criminals, it seems an axiom that if you need money, you should get a job. Actually this tradition is not much more than a hundred years old. Before that, the default way to make a living was by farming. It’s a bad plan to treat something only a hundred years old as an axiom. By historical standards, that’s something that’s changing pretty rapidly. 90003 90002 We may be seeing another such change right now. I’ve read a lot of economic history, and I understand the startup world pretty well, and it now seems to me fairly likely that we’re seeing the beginning of a change like the one from farming to manufacturing.90003 90002 And you know what? If you’d been around when that change began (Around тисячі in Europe) it would have seemed to nearly everyone that running off to the city to make your fortune was a crazy thing to do. Though serfs were in principle forbidden to leave their manors, it can not have been that hard to run away to a city. There were no guards patrolling the perimeter of the village. What prevented most serfs from leaving was that it seemed insanely risky. Leave one’s plot of land? Leave the people you’d spent your whole life with, to live in a giant city of three or four thousand complete strangers? How would you live? How would you get food, if you did not grow it? 90003 90002 Frightening as it seemed to them, it’s now the default with us to live by our wits.So if it seems risky to you to start a startup, think how risky it once seemed to your ancestors to live as we do now. Oddly enough, the people who know this best are the very ones trying to get you to stick to the old model. How can Larry and Sergey say you should come work as their employee, when they did not get jobs themselves? 90003 90002 Now we look back on medieval peasants and wonder how they stood it. How grim it must have been to till the same fields your whole life with no hope of anything better, under the thumb of lords and priests you had to give all your surplus to and acknowledge as your masters.I would not be surprised if one day people look back on what we consider a normal job in the same way. How grim it would be to commute every day to a cubicle in some soulless office complex, and be told what to do by someone you had to acknowledge as a boss-someone who could call you into their office and say «take a seat,» and you’d sit! Imagine having to ask 90005 permission 90006 to release software to users. Imagine being sad on Sunday afternoons because the weekend was almost over, and tomorrow you’d have to get up and go to work.How did they stand it? 90003 90002 It’s exciting to think we may be on the cusp of another shift like the one from farming to manufacturing. That’s why I care about startups. Startups are not interesting just because they’re a way to make a lot of money. I could not care less about other ways to do that, like speculating in securities. At most those are interesting the way puzzles are. There’s more going on with startups. They may represent one of those rare, historic shifts in the way wealth is created.90003 90002 That’s ultimately what drives us to work on Y Combinator. We want to make money, if only so we do not have to stop doing it, but that’s not the main goal. There have only been a handful of these great economic shifts in human history. It would be an amazing hack to make one happen faster. 90003 90002 90035 Notes 90036 90003 90002 [1] The only people who lost were us. The angels had convertible debt, so they had first claim on the proceeds of the auction. Y Combinator only got 38 cents on the dollar.90003 90002 [2] The best kind of organization for that might be an open source project, but those do not involve a lot of face to face meetings. Maybe it would be worth starting one that did. 90003 90002 [3] There need to be some number of big companies to acquire the startups, so the number of big companies could not decrease to zero. 90003 90002 [4] Thought experiment: If doctors did the same work, but as impoverished outcasts, which parents would still want their kids to be doctors? 90003 90002 90035 Thanks 90036 to Trevor Blackwell, Jessica Livingston, and Robert Morris for reading drafts of this, to the founders of Zenter for letting me use their web-based PowerPoint killer even though it is not launched yet, and to Ming-Hay Luk of the Berkeley CSUA for inviting me to speak.90003 90002 Comment on this essay. 90003.90000 My computer does not start unless I restart it multiple times 90001 90002 Updated: 01/24/2018 by Computer Hope 90003 90004 Software issues 90005 90002 There is a feature in the newer versions of Windows called fast startup or hybrid sleep that can sometimes cause this issue. Disabling this feature may solve your problem. 90003 90004 Computer is not passing POST 90005 90002 If your computer is not beeping or beeping irregularly when it is not starting, see the POST troubleshooting steps.90003 Note 90002 A computer may not be passing POST because of any of the following reasons. However, the beep code may help isolate what hardware is causing the problem. 90003 90004 Bad power supply or inadequate power supply 90005 90002 A bad, failing, or inadequate power supply is often the cause of this issue. If the hard drive is not getting enough power during the first time the computer starts, it can not spin the hard drive platters fast enough to start the computer. However, if you restart the computer two, three, or more times, because the platters are already spinning, it can get the drive up to speed and able to boot off the drive.90003 90002 If you are encountering this issue after installing new hardware on a computer, it is also possible that the power supply is no longer adequate. For most computers, we recommend you have at the least a 300 to 350-watt power supply. If you have installed a new or additional video card, a bigger power supply may be needed. Video card power requirements can be located by performing an online search or visiting the manufacturer’s website. 90003 Note 90002 If you have a laptop computer, and are not currently using a power cord, make sure it is not a lack of power from the battery by connecting the power cord.If the computer powers up fine when plugged in, replace the main battery. 90003 90002 Our first recommendation is to replace or upgrade the power supply in the computer. 90003 90004 Bad hard drive 90005 90002 This issue may also be a failing or bad hard drive. You may encounter this error if a hardware failure is causing the platters not to spin fast enough during power up. 90003 90002 If after replacing the power supply you continue to experience the same issue, it is likely that the hard drive is at fault, and we suggest replacing the hard drive.90003 90004 Other hardware issues 90005 90002 Although not as likely, other hardware can cause this issue to occur. Below are some additional hardware pieces that can fail and cause your computer to repeatedly restart. 90003 90034 Cable 90035 90002 Replace the IDE / EIDE interface cable connected from the motherboard to the hard drive. If the cable is defective, it could cause various issues with your hard drive. 90003 90034 Motherboard 90035 90002 Finally, if the computer continues to exhibit the same issue after following all of the above steps, it is likely that the motherboard is defective and needs to be replaced.90003 .90000 How to solve the cold-start problem for social products at andrewchen 90001 90002 90003 90004 90002 90006 Social products need mass before scaling growth 90007 90008 I often write on the topic of how social products can scale growth, resulting in inbound emails to the effect of «how do I get my product to go viral?» The problem is, until you have a strong baseline of engagement, it’s nearly impossible to have a metrics-oriented discussion on growth and virality. So you have to get that first, before you can talk about the next step.90004 90002 The focus should be on creating that baseline — a small-to-medium sized network of highly engaged users in a big market, that’s growing. Maybe this is 10,000+ active users organically gaining hundreds per day, at a 20% + DAU / MAU. If you can hit that, then it’s much easier to talk about how to scale it up. I’ve written Zero-to-Product / Market Fit in the past to talk about some of the steps you might take to reach this stage. Similarly, I have some slides for this topic. (And if you’re at this point, do not hesitate to email me) 90004 90002 There’s a unique aspect to social products in getting to this baseline, which is how can you solve the dreaded cold-start problem? If your product is inherently social, but you do not have a critical mass of users, then it’ll naturally fail.How do you get beyond that? This is different than productivity or SaaS products because you do not just have to get the product right- you have to get your initial user network to be large enough and active enough too. 90004 90002 Here’s a few ways I’ve collected over time on how to approach that problem: 90004 90002 90006 Single user utility 90007 90008 This is one of the most common ways to approach the cold-start problem. Give people a value-proposition that gets them creating / curating content within your network, and as a by product, it’ll help bootstrap the network around the user.I think of Pinterest as the quintessential example here, where you can use it as a tool to collect / gather / organize content around a particular project you’re pursuing- decorating a new apartment, planning a wedding, or switching to a new diet. As you’re doing this, then you use the common mechanisms around finding friends, Facebook sign in, etc., to build a network around the user. If you can get this to grow fast enough, and build the right social feedback loops, then users will find themselves blending a single user value prop with a network value prop over time.90004 90002 Linkedin is another classic example here, where initially they could market themselves as a way to put your resume online. But of course, once you go through their onboarding flows, you’ll quickly find out that people are connecting and reaching out to you via your profile, thus cementing the network value proposition. 90004 90002 A blog network like Tumblr is another great example. People like making their own websites, and you can use Tumblr for that — plus you get the themes, tools, and domain for free.But once you’re set up, it becomes easy to get reblogged and followed and all of a sudden you’re part of the network product. 90004 90002 The trickiest part of using this strategy is that you’re asking users to switch their mindset from one value proposition into the other. Managing that transition is not easy. You may find that users actually want their single user value prop to be private, and nonsocial by nature. Or you might find that if you do not get the social feedback loops right, you may not be able to convert your one-off users into network users fast enough, and it feels like you are maintaining two separate products.And it might feel like your product is not really working if the majority of your users are not involved in the network. 90004 90002 90006 Publishing into an pre-existing network 90007 90008 A variation of the single user utility is one where the primary functionality of your product is to share into a pre-existing network. The classic example of this is Instagram, which provided the initial value prop of photo filters and sharing to Facebook, which can be used even if none of your friends are using the service.However, it spread virally over time, which brought more people to Instagram, and this was then used to bootstrap a separate network based on following celebrities rather than the bidirectional Facebook friend model. 90004 90002 (I published a guest post Social Products with with utility, not invites, as a longer exploration of this idea) 90004 90002 The main challenge with this model is twofold: One is the «two value proposition» problem as stated before: Initially, a large% of your users might view Instagram as «that app I use to post to Facebook» rather than a destination in itself.The second challenge is that you can have a platform dependency that may not end well if your «host platform» decides to cut you off. 90004 90002 90006 Small network requirements 90008 90007 Not every product has to have a single user value proposition, and in fact, it can complicate things to feel like you have to design for multiple use cases at the same time. Instead, a different approach would be to focus on building a product that has a small critical mass requirement. In fact, you could look at the following categories and assess their critical mass requirements: 90004 90041 90042 Skype: 2+ people 90043 90042 Group mailing list: 5+ people 90043 90042 Social network: 10+? 50+? 90043 90042 Social + mobile + location based: Lots 🙂 90043 90050 90002 So one strategy is, how can your product be useful for just a small handful of people? That way, if you have a big launch, you can get lots of active pairs of users, like families or couples, and you can hold on to your audience.But if your product requires a very large critical mass of users, then maybe it will be very hard to get there. 90004 90002 90006 Local network saturation 90008 90007 For products that require a large critical mass to get started, I’m already skeptical. But if you must, going after some kind of hyper-connected vertical is a good way to start. Rather than getting 1,000 users randomly and who do not know each other, instead you focus on getting 1,000 users who are densely connected already. That way, you can saturate the network and hold onto that group of 1,000, and then go from there.90004 90002 Although the following companies also often had attributes such as single user value prop and small network requirements, it’s useful to think about starting within a niche: Yammer did this within a company. Yelp did this within San Francisco. Facebook within Harvard, and Twitter within the tech community at SXSW. Snapchat within SoCal high schools. 90004 90002 Perhaps there’s a niche hyper-connected pre-existing network that matches with your product, and if you can retain those users, then you can build a much larger network from there.90004 90002 90006 Why big unfocused launches often fail 90007 90008 The above provides a clue on why big social product launches on Techcrunch or DEMO or whatever often fail. The problem comes down to the fact that for social products, you often need hit some metric of connection density to succeed. A «minimum network density» metric, if you will. And when you think about it like that, you’d much rather have 100,000 users with a density of 30 connections / person, than 1,000,000 who have a density of 2 connections.Because ultimately, those million users will churn out because they will not have the content and feedback loops necessary to stay engaged. 90004 90002 Big launches fail because they might pump up the total users number, but do not help much with the network density number. If anything, they might lower the average. So if you want to go with the big launch, make sure that it either targets a network that’s hyper-connected, and who will onboard nicely into your product. Or make sure there’s a very strong single user value prop, and even if they can not find anyone they know in the product, that’s OK.90004 90002 OK, good luck my friends! 90004 90006 PS. Get new updates / analysis on tech and startups 90008 90002 I write a high-quality, weekly newsletter covering what’s happening in Silicon Valley, focused on startups, marketing, and mobile. 90004 90002 Views expressed in «content» (including posts, podcasts, videos) linked on this website or posted in social media and other platforms (collectively, «content distribution outlets») are my own and are not the views of AH Capital Management, L .L.C. ( «A16z») or its respective affiliates. AH Capital Management is an investment adviser registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Registration as an investment adviser does not imply any special skill or training. The posts are not directed to any investors or potential investors, and do not constitute an offer to sell — or a solicitation of an offer to buy — any securities, and may not be used or relied upon in evaluating the merits of any investment . 90004 90002 The content should not be construed as or relied upon in any manner as investment, legal, tax, or other advice.You should consult your own advisers as to legal, business, tax, and other related matters concerning any investment. Any projections, estimates, forecasts, targets, prospects and / or opinions expressed in these materials are subject to change without notice and may differ or be contrary to opinions expressed by others. Any charts provided here are for informational purposes only, and should not be relied upon when making any investment decision. 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